Islamic Psychology: Personality In Islamic Psychology

Personality In Islamic Psychology

In Islamic psychology, the concept of personality is closely related to the concept of fitrah, which refers to the natural disposition or inherent nature of a person. It is believed that every person is born with a fitrah that is inclined towards good and virtue, but that this fitrah can be distorted or corrupt by external influences such as upbringing, environment, and personal experiences.

One of the key principles of Islamic psychology is the belief that the fitrah is the source of a person's personality and character, and that it is the responsibility of each individual to cultivate and nurture their fitrah in order to live a virtuous and fulfilling life. This is often achieved through the practice of Islamic spiritual and moral principles, such as prayer, fasting, charity, and the pursuit of knowledge.

There are several references in the Islamic tradition that speak to the importance of the fitrah and its role in shaping a person's personality. For example, the Qur'an states: "So set your face towards the religion, inclining to truth. [Adhere to] the fitrah of Allah upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allah. That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know" (30:30).

In addition to the Qur'an, there are numerous hadith (sayings and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad) that emphasize the importance of the fitrah and its role in shaping a person's character and personality. For example, it is narrated that the Prophet Muhammad said: "Every child is born in a state of fitrah (natural disposition), then his parents make him a Jew, a Christian, or a Zoroastrian" (Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim). This hadith highlights the role of external influences in shaping a person's personality and emphasizes the importance of cultivating one's fitrah in order to live a virtuous and fulfilling life.

Components Of Personality In Islamic Psychology

Islamic psychology has the followings components:

1. Nafs Ala-ammara.

2. Nafs Ala-Lawwama.

3. Nafs Al-Mutma'innah.

4. Nafs Al-Radiyyah.

5. Nafs Al-Mulhama.

6. Nafs Al-Mardiyyah.

7. Nafs Al-Khaffiyah.


References:

"Fitrah: An Islamic Concept of Human Nature." (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.islamreligion.com/articles/564/fitrah-an-islamic-concept-of-human-nature/

Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. (n.d.). The Inner Dimension of Islamic Worship. Translated by Muhtar Holland. Retrieved from https://www.islamreligion.com/articles/1171/the-inner-dimension-of-islamic-worship/

Ansari, M. (2012). "Fitrah: An Islamic Concept of Human Nature." International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(6), 191-195.

Chaudhry, M. A. (2014). "Fitrah: An Islamic Concept of Human Nature." Journal of Spirituality and Islamic Psychology, 1(1), 41-52.

Ewing, A. C. (1929). "The Concept of Fitrah in the Quran." The Muslim World, 19(3), 194-204.

Smith, J. I. (1990). "The Doctrine of Fitrah in Islam." The Journal of the American Oriental Society, 110(4), 587-592.

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