Teaching: Lesson plan, Lesson Note and their Formats

 A lesson plan is a daily outline or guide to teaching for a set of pupils or learners in a class. It provides the instructional order to be followed by the teacher so that no important item is forgotten. It directs the teacher just as a compass directs a sailor. The lesson plan is usually prepared after the proceeding but before the next lesson. It should not be prepared in advance because of the need to:

Know and take advantage of the content covered

Assess the success or failure of the previous lesson before the next

Lesson Plan Format

The Format of lesson plan may be as varied as circumstances may allow, time, location and individual differences may accommodate. However, the usual elements are:

General Information: e.g School, subject, class, average age, time, duration, unit/topic, etc.

Objectives: General behavioural or both 

Resources: Teaching or Learning Aids, equipment, textbooks etc.

Introduction: Planned step by step introduction of the lesson especially through:

A discrete paint event 

A review of previous lessons 

Activities: E.g practical laboratory work, paper, pencil, exercises, etc and the time allowed for them.

Evaluation: questioning on the basis of the set objectives (especially specific behavioural objectives, assignment – giving and marking etc).

Assignment or classwork.

An Example of a Lesson Plan Format

Subject: Integrated Science 

Class: JSS 1A

Average Age (Pupils): 13 years

Topic: Characteristics of Living Things

Time of lesson: 9:10 – 9:50am 

Specific objective (behavioural objectives): at/by the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

List the characteristics of living things.

List the characteristics of non-living things

Differentiate between living things and non living things

Give examples of living and non living things

Resources: stone, leaf & chart on the cardboard.

Introduction: The lesson introduced e.g through an event or review of previous knowledge. E.g the teacher introduces the lesson by asking the students questions on previous knowledge. What is the difference between man and stone? You need to write the expected answer. 

Presentation: The  teacher presents the lesson in steps e.g:

Step 1: _______________

Step 2: _______________

Step 3: _______________

Summary: Highlight of important points.

Evaluation: To assess whether the above set objectives have been achieved or not.

THE LESSON NOTE

The difference between lesson plan and a lesson note is a matter of details.

The lesson note is a detailed account of all the steps to be followed in a lesson, giving a full account of all learning activities selected for a particular lesson; details of how the lesson will be introduced, list of previous knowledge, description of the  presentation of lectures, laboratory exercises, questions to be asked etc.

However, both lesson plan and lesson note have a similar format, although each has its own advantages. The lesson plan is short, precise and easily read or prepared while the lesson note shows clearly the content and method of the lesson and also aid the teacher’s memory because of its detail.

A Sample of a Lesson Note

School: Rukaiya Science School, Katsina

Date: 20th March, 2022

Subject: Biology 

Time: 9:00 – 9:40am 

Duration: 40 minutes

Unit: Living Things

Topic: Characteristics of living things

Behavioural objectives: At/by the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. State what living things are or can do.

2. List five characteristics of living things

3. Compare characteristics of human with those of other living things.

4. Identify ten living organizations.

Previous knowledge: Students are familiar with classification of things

Apparatus: An uprooted flowering plant, some living animals in an aquarium, bean seedlings, slides and light microscope, slide projector and stone.

Reference: Modern biology for secondary schools, FEP integration ltd, Nigerian secondary schools science project biology cloves sons Ltd.

Introduction: The teacher introduces the lesson by asking the students the following questions:

What are the observable differences between a man and a stone?

What is the main difference between the mechanism of movement in man and that of a car?

Presentation: The teacher presents the lesson in steps:

                          Step 1

                          Step 2

                          Step 3

                          Step 4

Summary: Living things include all living plants, animals and microorganisms.

Evaluation: to assess the stated objectives. 

Assignment:


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