Magani (Trafitional Medicine 4): Amfanin Zuma Ga Kwarin Zuma Da Lafiyar Al'umma

A wani rohoto da BBC ta wallafa na alfanun zuma ga lafiyar al'umma ta nuna amfanin zuma daga magani zuwa tsawon rai, alfanun zakin zuma ya zarce kawai ciyar da kwarin da suka aikatu.

Ba abun mamaki ba ne ganin cewa kwaron zuma ya san abubuwa da dama kan al'amarin zuma.

Su kwarin bawai suna samar da zuma bane kadai, su ma masu amfani da ita ne wajen inganta rayuwar su.

Idan ka ba kwaron zuma nau'ukam zuma, misali, zai za6i wanda ya fi da cewa da irim rashin lafiayar shi.

Akwai bukatar mutane su dage wajen sanin sinadaran dake tartare da zuma.

A wasu shekaru da suka gabata, galibin kayan abinci masu gina jiki sun Gaza ambaton haka, inji kwararriya kan kwari, May Berebaum daga jami'ar Illinois.

Wasu jerin bincike da aka gudanar sun nuna cewa zuma cike take da sinadaran da ke da tasiri kan lafiyar kwaron zuma. Cikin sinadaran zuma akwai wasu dake karawa kwarin zumar tsawon rai da kare su saga yanayi na matsanancin sanyi da ba su da ikom yakar kwayoyin cuta da waraka daga ciwo.

Wani bincike ya nuna yadda zaka taimaki kwarom zuma da ke fuskantar kalubale a shekarun baya - bayannan daga kwari da rashin wajen zama.

A wani bincike na BBC ya nuna zuma na karawa shayi ko gasasshen burodi da nama dandano amma zuma ta sha gaban karawa abu zaki.

Ya tabbata ruwan zuma na da zaki abun da mutane ke amfani da ita domin inganta rayuwar su, amma tana tattare da kwayoyin halitta (enzymes) da vitamins ma banbanta zumar tana kuma inganta lafitar kwaron zumar shi kanshi.

Kwari da dama na iya samar da zuma da ake iya samu a shaguna.

An dauki shekaru miliyoyi da faruwar haka ba'a dare daya abun ya faru ba.

Kwaron zuma sun banbanta sarkin kwai kusan shekaru miliyan 120 da suka gabata da bazuwar tsirrai masu furanni.

Irin wannan sauyin da kuma sauyin dabi'un zuma sun jiyar da halittar dangin kwarin zuma da kusan 20,000 da mutane suka sank yanzu.

Masanin ilimin kwarin zuma sun gano tasirin sinadarin zuma sun gano tasirin sinadarin da ke kare zuma saga illar bakteriya.

An gano sinadarin Abscisic na kare lafiyar zuma da warkar da raunika cikin lokaci da daidaita yanayi na sanyi, inji masana masu binciken.

An gano kuma sauran sinadarai na rage barazanar wasu kwari. Misali daya cikin abun da ya kawo karewar kwarin zuma shine bai was wasu kudaje zuma da suka samu lahani sinadarin abinci daga ya'ya'n tsirrai ko itatuwa.

Cikin sinadarai akwai wasu dake kare zuma daga kamuwa daga cututtuka da kuma nau'in bakteriya na Foulbrood, wadda nau'in ta ke da hadarin gaske, ana bada shawarar kona wajen ajiye zuma don rage yaduwar dai na taimakawa wajen kara kariya ta lafiya musamman ga kwayoyin halitta.

Duk sadda kwarin zuma suka ci nau'ukan abinci daga itatuwa suna karawa kwayoyin halittarsu lafiya kamar yadda mujallar tattalun arziki da ilimin kwari ta ruwaito a 2017.

Kwarin zumuka na da zabin hanyar lafiya da zasu biya idan sun kama da rashin lafiya.

Silvio Erler da tawagarsa na masana ilimin kwari sun gabatar da kudajen zuma da suka harbu da cutuka har nau'i guda hudu. Za6i kawai muka basu a cewar Erler na cibiyar Julius Kuhun dake Jamus.

Kamar komi duk da irin amfani da zuma take dashi kuma tana cike da hadari.

A Amurka masu kiwon zuma sun rasa kashi 45 cikin 100 na zumar da suka Tara tsakanin Afrilun 2020 zuwa Afrilum 2021, wannan shine rashi mafi muni a cikin shekara tun bayan binciken da wasu masu bincike ba dom riba ba suka fara a 2006.

A yayim da MASU kiwo kiwon zuma ke rage sauran zumar a wajen ajiye, ajiye zuma mai yawa na da mahimmanci.

Wani bincike ya nuna cewa zuma daban - daban da ake samu a kan bakaken itatuwan hure da wasu itatuwa, suna kare kai daga wasu nau'o'in bakteriya.

Erler ya kwatanta hakan da kantin magani, inda yace suna bukatar hakan don maganinta ciwon kai da kuma ciwon ciki, sannan a cikin kantin magani akwai bukatar wadannan duka.

Basirar zuma ta bata damar kirkiro da kantinsu da zaran sun samu ganyayyaki da suka kamata ba wai yawansu ko warwatsuwa da sukayi ba, amma daukacin lokacin girmansu, a cewar Berenbaum, masaniya ilimin kwari a 2021 kan tasirin lafiya da zuma ke dashi.

A kan samu banbancin halittu musamman inda zuma ke rayuwa a kowane shekara.

Idan aka habaka nau'ikan furanni na haifar da kwarin zuma masu koshin lafiya, injin masani Arathi Seshadri wani mai ilimin kan kwari a sashen aikin gona mai kula da zuma a Davis dake California, sannan sashen na karfafawa masu filaye canza Sassanid filayen da gonaki suke zuma gandun daji ta hangar kirkiro da shirin kula da dabbobi.

Dole ne a cigaba da aikin gona a cewar Seshadri, amma dole ne a kiyaye wuraren.

Sannan ingantacceen abincin kwarin zuma ba zai magance dukkan matsaloli da zuma ke fuskanta ba.

Sai dai ta hanyar tabbatar da kwarin zuma na samun maganin ta zai taimaka matuka a cewar Erler.

Erler ya nada shawarar cewa ya kamata a rika adana zuma da ake samu saboda maganin kwarin zuman ya yawaita a tsawon shekara.

Berenbaum, wacce ta soma bincike tsawon shekaru da suka gabata, tace da wahala ana gudanar da sahihin bincike kan zuma yadda ya kamata inda tace ilimin bincike akan kwarin zuma hanya ce mai kyau.

Tana mai alfahari ganin yanzu ana bai was zuma binciken da ya kamata.